{"id":5739,"date":"2025-02-26T13:09:13","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T10:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/?p=5739"},"modified":"2025-02-26T13:09:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-26T10:09:13","slug":"ischemic-risk-after-pci-is-assessed-using-clinical-procedural-and-angiographic-factors-several-scoring-systems-and-risk-models-help-guide-dapt-duration-and-intensity-based-on-ischemic-vs-bleeding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/ischemic-risk-after-pci-is-assessed-using-clinical-procedural-and-angiographic-factors-several-scoring-systems-and-risk-models-help-guide-dapt-duration-and-intensity-based-on-ischemic-vs-bleeding\/","title":{"rendered":"Ischemic risk after PCI is assessed using clinical, procedural, and angiographic factors. Several scoring systems and risk models help guide DAPT duration and intensity based on ischemic vs. bleeding risk."},"content":{"rendered":"<div>Ischemic risk after PCI is assessed using clinical, procedural, and angiographic factors. Several scoring systems and risk models help guide DAPT duration and intensity based on ischemic vs. bleeding risk.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Key Factors for Ischemic Risk Assessment:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>1.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Patient-related factors:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>History of myocardial infarction (MI)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Diabetes mellitus<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Chronic kidney disease (CKD)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Peripheral artery disease (PAD)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Heart failure or reduced LVEF (&lt;40%)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>2.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Procedural factors:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Complex PCI (e.g., multiple stents, bifurcation, long lesions)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Left main or proximal LAD disease<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Multi-vessel disease<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>3.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Angiographic factors:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Residual coronary disease with high plaque burden<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Suboptimal stent deployment (high restenosis risk)<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Scoring Systems for Ischemic Risk:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>DAPT Score (\u22652 suggests benefit from prolonged DAPT)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>PARIS Score (predicts ischemic vs. bleeding risk post-PCI)<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>GRACE Score (for ACS patients to estimate recurrent MI risk)<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Clinical decision-making: Patients with high ischemic risk and low bleeding risk may benefit from longer DAPT (\u226512 months), while those at high bleeding risk should receive shorter DAPT (1\u20136 months) followed by monotherapy.<\/div>\n<div>The DAPT (Dual Antiplatelet Therapy) Score is a clinical tool used to assess the ischemic and bleeding risk for patients undergoing PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention). The score helps determine the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after stent implantation.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>DAPT Score Components:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>1.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Age:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>&lt; 60 years: +2 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>60-74 years: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2265 75 years: 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>2.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Myocardial Infarction (MI) at presentation:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +2 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>No: 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>3.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Stent type:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Drug-eluting stent (DES): +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Bare-metal stent (BMS): 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>4.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Diabetes mellitus:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>No: 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>5.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Current smoker:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>No: 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>6.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Peripheral artery disease (PAD):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>No: 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>7.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>History of stroke\/TIA:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: 0 points<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>No: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Interpretation of DAPT Score:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>DAPT Score \u2265 2: High ischemic risk, suggesting longer duration of DAPT (12 months or more).<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>DAPT Score \u2264 1: Lower ischemic risk, suggesting shorter duration of DAPT.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>This scoring system helps clinicians balance the ischemic and bleeding risks and guide the duration of DAPT after PCI.<\/div>\n<div>Bleeding risk assessment is critical in determining the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after PCI. Several tools and scores are used to evaluate bleeding risk in patients on DAPT, the most commonly used being the HAS-BLED score.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>HAS-BLED Score:<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>The HAS-BLED score is designed to assess the 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation, but it is also useful for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy, including those undergoing PCI.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Components of the HAS-BLED Score:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>1.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Hypertension:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP &gt;160 mmHg): +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>2.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Abnormal renal function (dialysis, transplant, or creatinine &gt;2.26 mg\/dL):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>3.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Abnormal liver function (chronic liver disease or bilirubin &gt;2x upper limit of normal or AST\/ALT &gt;3x normal):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>4.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Stroke history:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>5.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Bleeding history or predisposition (e.g., GI bleeding, anemia):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>6.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Labile INRs (for patients on warfarin or other anticoagulants):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>7.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Age \u2265 65 years:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>8.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Drugs (antiplatelet agents, NSAIDs, or anticoagulants):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>9.<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Alcohol consumption (\u22658 drinks\/week):<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Yes: +1 point<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Interpretation of HAS-BLED Score:<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Score 0-2: Low bleeding risk, meaning DAPT duration can be safely longer.<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>\u2022<span class=\"Apple-tab-span\"> <\/span>Score 3 or more: High bleeding risk, and a shorter DAPT duration or careful management is recommended.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>This helps clinicians weigh the potential for bleeding versus the benefit of reducing ischemic events when determining the duration of DAPT post-PCI.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ischemic risk after PCI is assessed using clinical, procedural, and angiographic factors. Several scoring systems and risk models help guide DAPT duration and intensity based on ischemic vs. bleeding risk. Key Factors for Ischemic Risk Assessment: 1. Patient-related factors: \u2022 History of myocardial infarction (MI) \u2022 Diabetes mellitus \u2022 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) \u2022 Peripheral [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5739"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5740,"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5739\/revisions\/5740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jordan-cardiac.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}